The delegates formed the Bay Area Indian Alliance and in turn, the "Resistance 500" task force.

Generations of Native people, however, throughout the Western Hemisphere have protested Columbus Day. ", "Indigenous Peoples' Day: Rethinking American History", "Indigenous Peoples' Day Proclamation Ceremony", "Cincinnati City Council votes to replace Columbus Day with Indigenous Peoples' Day on Oct. 8", "Flagstaff City Council passes Indigenous People's Day", "Voters defeat fireworks ban at town meeting", "Iowa marks first Indigenous Peoples Day", "Columbus Day to be Indigenous Peoples Day in Mankato", "State Of North Carolina Indigenous Peoples' Day Proclamation", "Mayor designates Oct. 8 as Indigenous Peoples Day in Oklahoma City", "Pittsfield Schools Hold Ground on Indigenous Peoples Day", "Pullman, Washington recognizes Indigenous Peoples' Day |...", "Columbus Day or Indigenous People Day? [13] Berkeley has celebrated Indigenous Peoples' Day ever since. “The narrative presented in U.S. history standards,” they write, “when analyzed with a critical eye, directed students to see Indigenous Peoples as a long since forgotten episode in the country’s development.” Shear and her colleaguse see serious implications in the way the United States teaches its history: When one looks at the larger picture painted by the quantitative data, it is easy to argue that the narrative of U.S. history is painfully one sided in its telling of the American narrative, especially with regard to Indigenous Peoples’ experiences. Continue Smaller jurisdictions have often led the way, including: ▪︎ Anchorage, Alaska

17th Annual Photo Contest Finalists Announced. ▪︎ Lincoln, Nebraska All rights reserved. And even in areas that don’t embrace an Indigenous Peoples’ Day, areas are losing their enthusiasm to celebrate Columbus Day. There are also many cultural activities on this day, which include things like markets and pow-wows. ▪︎ Columbus, Cincinnati, and Oberlin, Ohio In 1934, at the request of the Knights of Columbus and New York City’s Italian community, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt declared the first national observance of Columbus Day. Berkeley, California, became the first city to make the change in 1992, when the city council renamed Columbus Day as Indigenous Peoples’ Day. And it urges Americans to rethink history. ▪︎ New Mexico ▪︎ Harpers Ferry, West Virginia

Some of the city governments in California began to cancel Columbus Day and celebrate Indigenous Peoples’ Day. The alternative of Indigenous People’s Day first was suggested by a delegation with representatives from more than 120 Native nations at the 1977 International Conference on …

“As much as we could,” Reese says, “we wanted to give readers the kind of information that’s known within Native families, communities, and nations. Hello, Indigenous Peoples' Day", "Native American Day - Akta Lakota Museum & Cultural Center", "Brown casts off Columbus, agreeing to forgo celebrating his day", "Berkeley Celebrates Indigenous Peoples' Day", "Protesters Stop Mock Landing of Columbus", "Columbus Day Stirs Debate Across America", "In Berkeley, Day for Columbus Is Renamed", "Is Columbus Day Sailing Off the Calendar", "Chapter 187 — Holidays; Standard of Time; Commemorations", "Holiday not celebrated by tribes: American Indians see Columbus Day as a reminder of harsh treatment ages ago", "Columbus Day To Native American Day? Universities and schools across the country are also observing the new commemoration. New Mexico, Vermont, and Maine are the latest states to replace Columbus Day with Indigenous Peoples’ Day. Over half of U.S States don’t mandate a paid holiday for Columbus Day for their workers. ▪︎ Alpena, Ann Arbor, Detroit, East Lansing, Ferndale, Traverse City, and Ypsilanti, Michigan ▪︎ Nashville, Tennessee American Indians in Children's Literature, Native Americans Have Always Answered the Call to Serve: National VFW Day 2020, “We took our way of life with us to keep us strong. For some people, this day is seen as an anti-Columbus day and as such, activities are scheduled along those lines. Even so, mythology about Columbus and the “discovery” of the Americas continues to be many American children’s first classroom lesson about encountering different cultures, ethnicities, and peoples.

Alaska, Oregon, Hawaii and South Dakota no longer celebrate Columbus Day. In 2018 Sarah Shear, assistant professor of Social Studies Education at Penn State University–Altoona, gave the keynote presentation, based on research on U.S. history standards from all 50 states and the District of Columbia. ▪︎ Evanston and Oak Park, Illinois

The city council then symbolically renamed Columbus Day as Indigenous Peoples’ Day to not only call attention to the demise of Native American people and their culture but to also protest the historical conquest of North America by Europeans. On this day, people are encouraged to remember and celebrate the many indigenous people who have traditionally lived and currently live in the U.S and its territories. In 2015,  Traverse City, Michigan; St. Paul, Minnesota; Akron, New York; Olympia, Washington and Lewiston, New York all passed resolutions recognizing this holiday. Get the best of Smithsonian magazine by email.

[11][12]Get Lost (Again) Columbus, an opera by a Native American composer, White Cloud Wolfhawk, was produced that day. The following locations celebrate Indigenous Peoples' Day instead of Columbus Day, with the exceptions of Lewiston, New York,[34] Tompkins County, New York,[35] West Hartford, Connecticut,[36] and Lawton, Oklahoma,[37] which celebrate both. [15], At least thirteen states do not celebrate Columbus Day (Alaska, Hawaii, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oregon, South Dakota, Vermont, Washington, DC; Wisconsin); South Dakota officially celebrates Native American Day instead. This year, the co-editors of An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the United States—librarian and educator Dr. Debbie Reese (Nambé Owingeh) and historian Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz—headlined workshops in Washington and New York. Teaching more accurate and complete narratives and differing perspectives is key to our society’s rethinking its history. ▪︎ Aspen, Boulder, Denver, and Durango, Colorado

▪︎ Alaska Renee Gokey (Eastern Shawnee/Sac and Fox/Miami) is an education specialist at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of the American Indian in Washington, D.C. Dennis W. Zotigh (Kiowa/San Juan Pueblo/Santee Dakota Indian) is a member of the Kiowa Gourd Clan and San Juan Pueblo Winter Clan and a descendant of Sitting Bear and No Retreat, both principal war chiefs of the Kiowas. Hawai’i has also changed the name of its October 12 holiday to Discovers’ Day, in honor of the Polynesian navigators who peopled the islands. In South Dakota, the traditions, culture, and history of Native American are often in the spotlight on this day through cultural events, museum exhibits, and other activities. Across the country, states, cities and schools are observing Indigenous Peoples Day instead of Columbus Day.

▪︎ Flagstaff and Phoenix, Arizona ▪︎ Bridgeport and West Hartford, Connecticut ▪︎ Minnesota [31] This international holiday has been celebrated also in various nations.[32][33]. [27], In Asia, Taiwan has designated August 1 as Indigenous Peoples' Day in 2016 under the administration of President Tsai Ing-wen, who announced that the government is committed to promoting the rights of Taiwan’s indigenous peoples and enhancing public awareness of their culture and history. Canada’s National Indigenous Peoples Day, formerly called National Aboriginal Day, is annually held on June 21 to celebrate the unique heritage, diverse cultures, and outstanding achievements of the nation’s Aboriginal peoples. Over the years, the idea to replace Columbus Day with Indigenous Peoples’ Day has slowly spread across the United States. Indigenous Peoples are left in the shadows of Euro-America’s destiny, while the cooperation and conflict model provides justification for the eventual termination of Indigenous Peoples from the American landscape and historical narrative.

▪︎ Asheville, Burlington, Carrboro, Hillsborough, and Kernersville, North Carolina ▪︎ Salt Lake City, Utah ▪︎ Berea, Brodhead, Burnside, Corbin, Crab Orchard, Frankfort, Harrodsburg, Hopkinsville, Junction City, Lancaster, Liberty, Livingston, London, Louisville, Mt. The holiday originated as an annual celebration of Italian–American heritage in San Francisco in 1869.