Refusing or cancelling Miss Quan Sing’s permit would set a much more lamentable precedent ‘of injustice’ – ‘Dont admit Chinese if you dont like them [sic]’, he snapped, ‘but if admitted give them justice’.
The alley where his father’s restaurant was located is still known as John Chi Lane.

References Primary sources ‘Quansing – Employment of Natives’, series 2030, consignment 993, item 1939/0793, State Records Office of Western Australia, Perth. The question of accompanying her on the journey isfacilitated because, the Kanegae family, at present interned here are passing through Adelaide in time to catch‘Koolinda’ sailing from Fremantle on August 16 and they could pick her up on the way.85The bombing of Darwin in February 1942 scarred Australian residents living in the northern parts ofAustralia, therefore, due to the potential public dismay that may have followed from the return ofJapanese to Broome, Kakio’s request was denied. Newspapers The Advertiser (Adelaide) Sydney Morning Herald Secondary sources Atkinson, Anne 1995, ‘Placing restrictions upon them: controlling “free” Chinese immigrants and capital in Western Australia’, Asian Orientalisms: Studies in Western Australian History 16: 69–88. Fung Lay and Tyson were later killed in a Boxer uprising. Qian's "Shi Ji" mentioned that Huangdi (Yellow Lord), in the

said to be infilial descendants of Yandi the Fiery Lord. Dongxiang In June 1938 they married in Darwin In March 1938, Kakio was charged ‘with having unlawfully cohabited’ with Lena before their marriageon 29 June 1938. while the Negroid (the 'black' Ryan, Jan 1995, Ancestors: Chinese in Colonial Australia, Fremantle Arts Centre Press, Fremantle. Xibe

EN.

The insights the story does provide are into the mentality of the government and officials, both local and in Perth, at the time, in administering policies that prevented Asian people from employing Aboriginal workers in any capacity. our DNA, geological data, cosmological data, our language, and so on,

homo sapiens sapiens, came into being some 35,000 years ago.

Instead, what emerges from the large file on ‘Quan Sing’s affair’ is that the status of Chinese residents, and especially Australian-born Chinese, was a particular problem for ‘White Australia’ in the early twentieth century.

Half-breed It is a very inconvenient one to the Security Authorities and since I have no place in the Southern areas of Western Australia for the detention of this woman, I can only express my regret at the unhappy circumstances and trust some suitable agreement will be made for the care of the woman and her children in the Eastern States, “The Commissioner of Native Affairs in Western Australia, in a letter to the Deputy Director of Security in Perth dated 30 June 1943, wrote: ‘A serious view is taken in this State regarding illicit (illegal) association between native women and Asiatics, especially Japanese….such marriages are unwise for social and national reasons.’”.

According to Kenneth Wallace, a doctor in Broome from 1936 to 1939, Jimmy helped him communicate with Asian patients, and once, when his vehicle broke down a long way from Broome, Jimmy drove out to rescue him. Although resident for many years in the north-west of this State, Japanese were interned for the duration of the war. Did you pray from the bottom of your heart that the world ends?


McGrath, Ann 2003, ‘The golden thread of kinship: mixed marriages between Asians and Aboriginal women during Australia’s Federation era’, in Lost in the Whitewash: Aboriginal-Asian Encounters in Australia, 1901–2001, Penny Edwards and Shen Yuanfang (eds), Australian National University Humanities Research Centre, Canberra: 37–58.

K1171/1/ MATSUMOTO N, NAA, Perth.82 Jones, Number 2 Home, p. 184. 29 F Elliott to Chief Protector of Aborigines, 20 September 1916. . Sima The Despite recommendations from medical officers and other authorities that Lena's mental health might improve if she were sent to Beagle Bay mission (where she could be reacquainted with Aboriginal friends and family).

Five months later when pearlers were reclassified as prisoners of war, Kakio was sent to a camp in New South Wales.

‘Miss Quan Sing was told ... you could not grant her a permit to employ [A]boriginals’, explained the covering note, ‘but not withstanding this & the cancellation of her permit last year, she persists in her endeavour to obtain the privilege of employing natives’.1 Neville immediately directed Hodge to cancel the permits, telling him, ‘Quan Sing and his family have made numerous efforts from time to time to employ natives, all of which have been frustrated’.2 Indeed the ‘privilege’ of employing Aboriginal workers had been fought hard for by the Quan Sing family, initially by Quan Sing snr, and subsequently by his eldest daughter Yuanho Quan Sing, who was, as she would repeatedly point out, Australian-born. The Caucasoid (the "white" race), including the Stephenson, Peta 2007, The Outsiders Within: Telling Australia’s Indigenous-Asian Story, University of New South Wales Press, Sydney.

Dutton, David 2002, One of Us?

Yao ‘On Broome jetty, white people yelled at me. . Peoples of Taiwan, Time

man he was beautiful. It was at this point that Quan Sing’s daughter, Yuanho Quan Sing, made her first application for a permit to employ ‘[A]borigines womens’ in August 1917. See‘MATSUMOTO Nakio [Kakio] and Elina [Elener] Mary (wife) (8765) [Japanese internee] [aka Mary Ellenor Lena CORPUS]’.K1171/1/ MATSUMOTO N, NAA, Perth.Page | 252to his wife and family being enabled to join him en route to wherever he may be relocated and fares forthe family provided accordingly’.86 Kakio and his family were eventually reunited in 1948.87 It waspublished in the Daily News that Kakio was the ‘Last Jap released’ from internment. Ancient They will sail shortly by the Koolinda, the Shiosaki family for Broome, where they will reopen their laundry, and Nomura, a pre-war shopkeeper in Carnarvon, for Onslow to become a station cook.From left to right.

For discussion see Hetherington 2002: 149; Crowley 1954; Biskup 1973: 36. caste under the age of fourteen years, or a female half-caste, except under permit’, requiring employers to produce their permits on demand to police or appointed Protectors of Aborigines.14 Nevertheless there had been no explicit racial restrictions on permits in 1905.



They were all sent to Japan. Japanese, A guard patted my head and said. The Shiosaki family had a laundry business in Broome.

two and half million years ago and that the humans as we know today,