Among those hospitalised were honeymooners Lauren Urey, 32, and Matthew Urey, 36, from Richmond, Virginia.

This footage was taken by Michael Schade whose family got off Whakaari/White Island 20 minutes before it erupted. When they start heading toward VAL 1, road signs are activated at approaches to the Tongariro Alpine Crossing and stakeholders meet. Photo / Supplied, Scientists monitoring Ruapehu as crater lake heats up, Mt Ruapehu eruption survivor's epic climb back, Quakes, wind, triggers Ruapehu eruption alarm, Campaigners clash over End of Life Choice Bill, Use Ōhakea airbase for quarantine: Expert's plea, NZ Rugby refute claims they approved schedule, Twelve new Covid cases - 10 from same Air India flight, Give blood - 11 blood products created from donated plasma, Two people dead after crash south of Pātea, Seven taken to hospital after two car crashes, Whanganui news in brief: Sleepout burns to the ground, Legal bombshell for Meghan: How Finding Freedom could backfire, Campaigners clash over End of Life Choice referendum, 'Cry all you want': Adesanya responds to steroid rumours, undergoes tests, 'Just days away': Australia floats transtasman bubble again, EU takes legal action against UK over planned Brexit bill, Melania Trump's 'uncomfortable' moment after presidential debate, Leaders' debate: Warehouse Group responds to 'immoral' comments, Rising stars ready to beat the best in $200k race, March meltdown drove KiwiSaver investors to safety, Kris Jenner accused of sexually harassing bodyguard. He likes the quote: "No one achieved anything great inside of their comfort zone.". Many systems are already “primed” for such events, but the triggers are poorly understood. By Paul Sakkal, Robyn Grace and Sumeyya Ilanbey After Whakaari and Ruapehu, the volcano in the northern Kermadec Islands is probably New Zealand's most active. Each volcano has unique warning signs that eruption is imminent. The warning periods, once an event gets underway, are likely in the order of seconds to minutes. The The resulting steam-driven eruption, also called a hydrothermal or phreatic eruption, can happen suddenly and with little to no warning. In 2007, Pike and his friend climbed Mt Ruapehu when the mountain unexpectedly erupted, trapping him beneath debris from a lahar. White Island as seen from the air during an eruption which occurred as a tour party was visiting the volcanic island on Monday. He has the power to close part or all of the park if risk level rises. READ MORE:• Mt Ruapehu eruption anniversary • Scientists monitoring Ruapehu as crater lake heats up • Mt Ruapehu eruption survivor's epic climb back • Quakes, wind, triggers Ruapehu eruption alarm. We know of sites in New Zealand where material has been blasted out over three kilometres from the vent by such eruptions. We have seen several other fatal hydrothermal catastrophies unfold in other parts of the world, such as the 2014 eruption of Mount Ontake in Japan. New Zealand's most active volcano "The situation at White Island is extremely tough.". White Island is one of several volcanoes in New Zealand that can produce sudden explosive eruptions at any time. There will always be some volcanic risk for people using the park, Conservation Department (DOC) Central North Island director of operations Damian Coutts said. The expansion energy is enough to shatter solid rock, excavate craters and eject rock fragments and ash out to hundreds of metres away from the vent. Pike's leg was crushed by debris and had to be amputated below the knee. In 2007, one of the minor eruptions critically injured climber William Pike, who was in the crater's Dome Shelter. Read more: The alarm system is tested weekly, and also during the winter in a combined exercise with GNS and ski operator RAL. Unfortunately there are no simple rules that can be followed and each hydrothermal system is different. Mount Ruapehu (crater lake), Mount Tongariro (Te Maari and Ketetahi) and geothermal areas of the central North Island all have the potential to cause such events. Your News is the place for you to save content to read later from any device. "It was having my friends and family which helped me with the mental side of the challenges I faced.". This produces catastrophic impacts.

We don’t normally see these eruptions coming, no matter how much we would like to. Any external process, such as an earthquake, gas input from below, or even a change in the lake water level can tip this delicate balance and release the pressure on the hot and trapped water. Read more: Whakaari/White Island and Ruapehu have been responsible for most of GeoNet's volcanic alert bulletins over the past four years. In these, water is trapped in pores of rocks in a super-heated state. Mount Ruapehu is situated on the Taupo Plateau, which rises 2,000 to 3,000 feet (about 600 to 900 m) above sea level, Ruapehu erupted in 1945–46 and again in 1995–96. Ruapehu is usually on volcanic alert level (VAL) 1, which signifies minor unrest. William Pike knows all too well what it's like to be caught up in a volcanic eruption.

When Pike heard about the eruption in of White Island in the Bay of Plenty which has killed at least five people on Monday, he said it struck a chord and brought back some tough memories. I think that's going to give those people the best chance of getting their life back on track. There will always be some volcanic risk for people using the park, Conservation. Our only hope for anticipating these events is to track potential vapour and liquid pressure in hydrothermal systems and to learn from their long-term behaviour when they are at a super-critical state. ", Several years after his incident, Pike has gone back to Mt Ruapehu many times. Shane Cronin does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment. William Pike knows all too well what it's like to be caught up in a volcanic eruption.

New Zealand updates: White Island volcano eruption leaves multiple dead, critically injured Fears are growing for Australians caught up in a volcanic eruption on White Island in New Zealand, as police say they do not believe there are any remaining survivors on the island. The island is a tourist destination and 47 people were on it when it erupted on Monday afternoon. In this age of technology and instrumental monitoring, it seems irrational that there should be little or no warning for such eruptions.

Pike was left attered and bruised, and coming to terms with losing his leg just below the knee.

Ruapehu eruptions can cause lahars onto parts of the Whakapapa ski area. "It has a huge wide-reaching effect and when you're dealing with an incident that's remote, there's going to be people in despair," Pike said.

Ruapehu had major eruptions in 1995 and 1996, and it has had at least 60 minor eruptions since 1945.

"The department warns visitors not to spend a lot of time on the summit plateau in any circumstances," Coutts said. Write an article and join a growing community of more than 113,700 academics and researchers from 3,705 institutions. From breaking news to debate and conversation, we bring you the news as it happens. Whakaari/White Island erupted unexpectedly at VAL 2 (moderate to heightened unrest) on December 9. New Zealand has been luckier than many other parts of the world, until now. When Pike woke up in hospital, his biggest struggle was the realisation that he had lost a leg, which made him wonder if he would work, explore and go on adventures again. Tongariro National Park has a volcanologist and public safety ranger as part of its team. William Pike says having support from friends and family can help those who have been injured by the White Island eruption have the best chance of getting their lives back on track.

* Fatalities as White Island volcano erupts in the Bay of Plenty * In pictures: White Island eruption * How will White Island volcanic eruption affect the rest of New Zealand? When VAL 2 (moderate to heightened unrest with increased likelihood of an eruption) is reached, the summit hazard zone is closed. "I wish people all the best and if they want to talk to someone who has been in a similar situation, then get in contact.". "The mental trauma can be just as much as the physical trauma in my experience. People are advised not to enter the crater basin at Ruapehu's summit at all. On the go and no time to finish that story right now? How dangerous is White Island? Each volcano has unique warning signs that eruption is imminent, Why Japan’s deadly Ontake eruption could not be predicted. If VAL 1 rises toward 2 they are advised not to enter its summit hazard zone. The Ngauruhoe and Tongariro volcanoes are usually at VAL 0 (no volcanic unrest). Monitoring and warning for hydrothermal eruptions is a huge challenge. Register with us and content you save will appear here so you can access them to read later.

In this case, magma is shallow, and the heat and gases affect surface and ground water to form vigorous hydrothermal systems. Volcanologists at GeoNet, which operates a geological hazard monitoring system, described the eruption as impulsive and short-lived, with an ash plume that rose to more than three kilometres above the vent.

"This was it and I was going to have to get on with my life - that there was the biggest kind of hurdle.

"My heartfelt condolences go out to those who are injured and missing.

There were 47 people ashore at the time.

Some of these have caused loss of life. The eruption on White Island sent sent huge amounts of steam and ash into the air in the blast. Department (DOC) Central North Island director of operations Damian Coutts said. The eruptions are short-lived, but once one happens, there is a high chance for further, generally smaller ones as the system re-equilibrates. * How dangerous is White Island? Volcanic alert levels 3, 4 and 5 are for minor, moderate and major eruptions. Jenner has been accused of sexual harassment, a hostile work environment, and racism. White Island as seen from Whakatane at 2.30pm on Monday.

In 2007, William Pike was climbing Mt Ruapehu when it unexpectedly erupted leading to him losing his leg, just below the knee. The hazards expected from steam-driven eruptions are violent ejections of hot blocks and ash, and the formation of “hurricane-like” currents of wet ash and coarse particles that radiate from the explosion vent.

Extreme volatility sent KiwiSaver investors flocking to safety in March. Laurel Stowell is a reporter for the Whanganui Chronicle. Bay of Plenty which has killed at least five people on Monday, Fatalities as White Island volcano erupts in the Bay of Plenty. Pike encouraged friends and family of the survivors of the eruption to pull together because their support could really help get injured people on the right track. Leaving the safety and comfort of hospital and ending up back home was also a struggle. I think that's going to give those people the best chance of getting their life back on track". Why Japan’s deadly Ontake eruption could not be predicted. He has since returned many times to Ruapehu. Some were killed and others badly burned. Footage of the White Island eruption filmed by a tourist who was leaving just as disaster struck. How will White Island volcanic eruption affect the rest of New Zealand?